Some
forms of depression have special symptoms
or are only seen in special situations
and groups. These forms don't always
lead you to think of depression, and
they are often reminiscent of other
diseases. In the worst case, it could
mean that the depression doesn't get
treated. In these cases it is therefore
important for psychiatrists to be
able to make the diagnosis and begin
the appropriate treatment.
Listed below are a
number of these special forms of depression.
Melancholy
Melancholy is a depression in which
the physical symptoms are particularly
prominent.
With
melancholy you suffer from a pronounced
sleep disturbance and typically wake
up early in the morning. Your energy
and feelings are clearly affected
and you are feeling awful. Your sexual
drive is reduced as well as your appetite.
This often results in a significant
weight loss
Atypical
depression
In some cases the symptoms of a depression
can be different from the usual symptoms.
We call it an atypical depression
if, for example
instead
of losing your appetite you become
a compulsive eater and start gaining
weight instead of having difficulties
sleeping you sleep a lot more than
you normally do you have a reversed
daily rhythm, where you mood is best
early in the day and then deteriorates
towards the evening you become more
irritable and perhaps even aggressive
instead of sad and stagnant (applies
particularly to men)
Agitated depression
With an agitated depression you are
depressed but not passive or without
energy, which you commonly are when
depressed. The following are some
of the symptoms:
- You are anxious,
restless and cannot keep yourself
calm.
- You complain
about your intolerable condition
but you find it hard to articulate
your problems.
- You find it
hard to articulate what it is
you need.
- In severe cases,
you walk restlessly about. You
are wringing your hands, sighing
and repeating the same complaints
again and again.
Masked depression
A depression doesn't always manifest
itself by a depressed mood. The depression
can be hidden or masked behind other
symptoms such as
- headache
- tiredness
- muscle pain
- stomach pain
and indigestion
You
can even suffer from depression when
you don't feel depressed. This is
called "depressio mentis sine
depressione". This means "depression
without feeling depressed". In
this case, it is the tiredness and
the lack of energy that are affecting
you the most.
Double
depression
If you are suffering from a protracted
mild to moderate depression, your
condition might worsen during the
course of the disease. A worsening
of the depression can feel as though
you are getting a new depression on
top of the one you are already suffering
from. We call these cases double depression.
Male
depression
Many believe that there is a specific
male depression, which in particular
hits middle aged men. Here the symptoms
can particularly be a feeling of emptiness
and being burned out, stress, irritability,
frustration, aggression (possibly
even violent behaviour), restlessness
and alcohol abuse.
Dystemia
This condition is not an actual depression
but a general prolonged (often life
long) condition of being sad. With
dystemia your "basic mood"
is at a lower level compared with
most other people's mood and everything
can seem hard and often joyless.
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