There
is no simple answer to the reason
why you get hit by depression.
We
know what causes influenza. We can
identify the virus. But we don't know
exactly what causes depression. However,
we do know that depression occurs
as an interaction between a hereditary vulnerability,
which is congenital, and influences
during adolescence.
Genetic
disposition
In
some families many family members
develop depression. If your parent,
child or siblings have had several
depressions, there is unfortunately
a 20% risk of you yourself developing
one or more depressions.
Sex
It
is a traditional view that twice as
many women develop depression as men.
But in recent years, ideas have emerged
which suggest that in fact as many
men suffer from depression as women.
Depressions
just show up differently in men. Perhaps
many men therefore don't discover
that they are suffering from depression
and hence don't go to see their doctor.
Similarly a doctor can also more easily
overlook depressions in men. This
produces low percentages in the surveys.
Age
You
can develop depression at any age
but the risk increases slightly for
women between the ages of 40 and 50.
Furthermore, the risk of developing
more than one depression increases
with age. Read more about depression
in the elderly.
Social
status
The
connection between social status and
depression is not completely clear.
But there seems to be an increased
risk of people with a low social status
developing depression.
Unemployment
People
with depression are unemployed more
frequently than others. But we don't
know whether this is caused by the
fact that you become depressed because
you are unemployed or whether you
become unemployed because you are
depressed.
Psychological
trauma
Some
people who have experienced psychological
strains or trauma react by developing
depression. Others develop anxiety
or alcohol abuse. But some people
are lucky enough to manage without
any psychological after-effects.
Your
reaction to a psychological trauma
will depend to a large degree on your
genetic disposition and your personality.
But there are actually surprisingly
few events which we can link to the
development of depression.
However,
it does appear that people who have
been sexually abused in their childhood
have an increased risk of developing
depression. Furthermore, if you develop
a depression after severe psychological
strain, you are at risk of lesser
psychological strain triggering depressions
later on.
Divorce
We
don't know whether divorce directly
increases the risk of developing depression.
It is a fact that people with depression
are more frequently divorced than
others but we don't know whether people
become depressed because of the divorce
or whether they become divorced because
of the depression.
Bereavement
The
death of people close to you seems
to increase the risk of developing
depression.
Illness
A
physical disease increases the risk
of developing depression. Nearly all
kinds of diseases can lead to depression.
This applies both to less serious
diseases like influenza or more serious
diseases like cerebral thrombosis
or cancer. Read more about depression
in connection with a physical disease.
Pregnancy
and child birth
During
pregnancy and the weeks and months
before the birth, the risk of developing
depression is increased. When you
have just given birth, both your body
and psyche need to get used to a completely
new situation. Your hormones need
to readjust, and you need to look
after your newborn child. This is
a period of many changing feelings,
and approximately one in ten women
develops depression after the birth.
But with support from those closest
to you and from professionals together
in some cases with medicine, you can
usually avoid developing a deep postnatal
depression. Read more about postnatal
depression.
Stress
and depression
Prolonged
stress increases the risk of developing
depression. Stress is often triggered
by situations, where more is demanded
of you than you feel you can live
up to. Many unfinished or insurmountable
tasks can often trigger stress. Stress
is a condition where you feel irritable,
tired, in low spirits, insecure and
possibly have difficulty sleeping
and often have a series of physical
symptoms as well such as stomach problems,
headache or muscular tension. If this
stress condition continues over a
lengthy period, it increases the risk
of developing depression.
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